Photography

Whether choosing or creating an original photo, all images should share consistent formal qualities like composition and lighting. While we always strive for authenticity, a “good photo” should also be compelling and beautiful.

Aspect Ratio

The relationship between a photo’s width and height affects how much information is captured in an image and how that information is perceived. Using consistent, common ratios makes them more predictable in responsive design. Always consider the platform and context when selecting an aspect ratio.

Diagram of common aspect ratios.
Common aspect ratios include 1:1, 16:9, 4:3, and 3:2.

Perspective

Eye Level

Photography at eye level mirrors how we naturally see the world. This familiar perspective keeps the focus on the subject rather than the technique, allowing the viewer to focus fully on what’s important in the photo.

Interior of office at eye level.
Exterior view of office building.

Avoid skewed angles especially near the margins.

Aerial

Photography from above offers a unique vantage point that can reveal patterns, structures, and spatial relationships not visible at ground level. This perspective transforms a scene, making it more visually dynamic.

Aerial view of a technician on solar panels.
Aerial view of a city intersection.

Avoid exaggerated vanishing points in aerial photography.

Other Considerations

While the choice of perspective can heighten the emotion of a photograph, overly stylized or unconventional angles often detract from the subject. Photography is most effective when the viewpoint lets the subject speak for itself.

High angle view of cityscape.

Avoid wide-angle lens distortion.

Low angle view of person on sidewalk.

Avoid extreme low- or high-angle perspectives.

Skewed view of buses on road.

Don’t tilt the horizon for stylistic effect.

Structural Rhythm

Strong compositional rhythm, whether vertical or horizontal, provides structural clarity in a photograph. These invisible lines create a sense of order that more effectively guide the viewer’s eye.

View of office hallway with person walking in the distance.

Vertical rhythm

Vertical lines on solid background.
Person walking in front of mail holders.

Horizontal rhythm

Horizontal lines on solid background.

Focal Points

Focal points serve as visual landmarks that steer a viewer’s gaze. A single, intentionally-placed point focuses attention, while multiple points can lead the viewer across the image.

Person sitting at desk.

Single focal point

Grid lines on solid background with one solid circle.
View of open plan office with people at desks.

Multiple focal points

Grid lines on solid background with two solid circles.

Compositional Tension

Showing real people in genuine moments lends authenticity to a photo, and when set against organized or structured environments, a compelling visual tension draws the viewer in.

Person sitting on stairs.

The organic form of the subject against the strongly horizontal rhythm of the background provides a compelling contrast.

Grid lines with solid fill outline of person.